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DOCUMENTS

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HIV AND AIDS Strategic plan 2010 - 2012 for the Herd Boys community in Lesotho: Synopsys: The herd boys’ community in Lesotho is equally affected by HIV and AIDS as the rest of the population. They are also considered a marginalized and vulnerable community by virtue of poverty, education level and geographical inaccessibility among others. They have to work under inhospitable conditions sometimes facing adverse weather. Also they are not covered by the labour legislation as other workers. Hence the importance of having in place a well articulated strategic plan in response to HIV and AIDS for the herd boys’ community in Lesotho. The herd boys’ issues are currently being addressed to some extent by the Herd boys’ organization called “Monna-ka-Khomo” that was established in 2004 and registered in 2005.
Moralo oa HIV le AIDS oa 2010 - 2012 oa Balisana Lesotho: Synopsys: Sechaba sa balisana Lesotho le sona ka mokhoa o tšoanang se anngoe ke koluoa ena, joalo ka sechaba sa Lesotho ka kakaretso. Le sona se nkuoa se le tlokotsing ea bofutsana, thuto e fokolang le ho phela libakeng tse sa fihleleheng ka bobebe. Ba tlameha ho sebetsa tlasa maemo a thata le a mabe, ka nako e ‘ngoe ba tobana le mathata a kotsi a maemo a leholimo. `Me, ha baa tšireletsoa ke melao ea basebetsi joalo ka basetsi ba bang. Ke ka moo ho leng bohlokoa hore ho be le moralo o hlakileng oa HIV and AIDS oa Balisana ka hare ho naha. Ha joale, litaba tsa balisana li hokahanyoa ke Mokhatlo oa Balisana o bitsoang “Monna-ka-Khomo” o qalileng ka 2004, oa ngolisoa ka 2005.
Leano la HIV le AIDS Balisaneng - Hlakola 2010: Synopsys: Ntlheng ena ea Leano la HIV le AIDS la Naha balisaneng, Moralo ona oa Naha oa HIV le AIDS 2006-2011 o bileng o seng o hlomathisitsoe, o supa hore hona le mekhahlelo ea sechaba e sekisetsoang empa mekhalelo eo e bile e le eona e tlokotsing ho feta eohle, ea ts’oetso ea HIV ho latela maemo a eona a ikhethileng. Mekhahlelo ena ea sechaba e tlokotsing, e akha basali le banana, bats’oaruoa, batho ba hoebang ka ‘mele, batho ba sebetsang hole le mahae a bona ‘me ba ea mahaeng ka ho chakela, batho ba nang le bokooa, le balisana. Sepheo sa moroalo ke hore mekhahlelo ena e tlokotsing e etsetsoe maano esita le meralo toants’ong ea HIV le AIDS e e tobileng ka kotloloho.
National HIV and AIDS Estimates for Lesotho 2009: Synopsys: After every two years, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare conducts sentinel surveillance for HIV among antenatal mothers throughout the country. These data provides information on trends in HIV prevalence among pregnant women. In 2004 a national household survey (2004 LDHS) provided an estimate of HIV prevalence in the adult population aged 15-49. This paper describes the use of the sentinel surveillance data and the LDHS to estimate national prevalence in Lesotho and the resulting estimates for other indicators of interest, such as the number of people infected, the needs for PMTCT, orphans burden and the number of people in need of ART.
Lesotho Country Report on SADC Indicators 2009: Synopsys: Lesotho is making progress in the response to HIV and AIDS. The “Three ones” principle has been fully institutionalised and coordination of the national response has taken shape with key coordination structures and mechanisms in place at all levels. There is visible political support and leadership involvement in the fight against HIV and AIDS, for example there are fora for different leaders such as religious leaders, Parliamentarians, and community leaders where critical issues are discussed and resolutions made.
Annual Report on the National Response to HIV and AIDS, Jan - Dec 2009: Synopsys: The annual progress report on the HIV and AIDS response covers the period from January to December 2009. The report outlines achievements as well as challenges encountered in the implementation of various interventions in the national response at both national and district levels. It covers the thematic areas of Management and Coordination, Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support as well as Impact Mitigation as outlined in the National Strategic Plan 2006 to 2011.
Quarterly report on the national response to HIV AND AIDS, July - Sept 2009: Synopsys: This report is compiled on a quarterly basis to provide an update on the progress made in the national response to HIV and AIDS. It covers the second quarter (July – September) of the financial year 2009/2010. It discusses programmatic data as well as statistical information on the response at the national and district levels. The report covers four thematic areas: Management
and Coordination; Prevention; Treatment, Care and Support; and Impact Mitigation
Report of the Mid-Term Review of the National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan 2006 - 2011: Synopsis: The multi-sectoral National Strategic Plan (NSP) for HIV and AIDS was developed and launched in 2006. It covers a five-year period from 2006-2011. The NSP was developed through an extensively participatory process following the joint review of the national multi-sectoral response to HIV and AIDS in 2005. From October 2008 to April 2009, the National AIDS Commission in collaboration with its stakeholders and partners who are involved in the national response to the HIV and AIDS commissioned the Mid-Term Review (MTR) of the NSP.
National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan 2006 - 2011(Revised April 2009): Synopsis: The National Strategic Plan (NSP) 2006-2011 which was launched in 2006 has just been revised through a comprehensively consultative process. The design of the Revised NSP provides enough room for communities, civil society, private sector, development partners (bilateral and Multi-lateral agencies) and Government institutions to actively participate in the national response based on their comparative advantage. The NSP has articulated specific interventions for implementation at national, district and community levels
Gender and Multiple and Concurrent Sexual Partnerships in Lesotho: Synopsis: The National AIDS Commission (NAC) in collaboration with UNAIDS and Family Health International (FHI) undertook a research study on Gender and Multiple Sexual Partnerships in Lesotho. This was a qualitative study of which the all data was collected by the team presented in the structure above. The team was composed of research assistants, field coordinators, study coordinators and country coordinators. Moreover, there were researchers and programme managers who were all supporting the research study. The team also composed of thematic team/groups in the country, who contributed to very large extent finalization and completion of the study.
Report For HIV AND AIDS Annual Partnership Forum 27 May 2009: Synopsis: This report consolidates annual programmatic progress made in 2008/09 financial year (April 2008 - March 2009). The success of the development of this report is solely due to programmatic reporting from various implementing partners, line ministries, Non Governmental Organizations, Faith Based Organizations; Civil Society Organizations, development partners and the private sector. The report covers the four thematic areas which are then complemented by the synthesis section drawn from all the ten districts. These thematic areas include Management and Coordination; Prevention; Treatment, Care and Support; and Impact Mitigation.
Reviewing “Emergencies” in HIV and AIDS-affected Countries in Southern Africa: Shifting the Paradigm in Lesotho: Synopsis: Reviewing “Emergencies” in HIV and AIDS Affected Countries in Southern Africa: Shifting the Paradigm in Lesotho, examines the long term impacts of HIV and AIDS in Lesotho, questioning whether the population is experiencing an HIV and AIDS-induced humanitarian emergency comparable to Swaziland. The report is divided into five sections: First, an account of the history and progression of HIV and AIDS in Lesotho is provided. Secondly, Lesotho’s socio-economic and demographic trends are examined, and key mortality indicators are compared against thresholds used by humanitarian organisations to assess whether Lesotho is experiencing a humanitarian ‘emergency’. Thirdly, state, supra-state, institutional and community responses to HIV and AIDS are interrogated. Fourthly, the report investigates the constraints to an emergency response to the epidemic. Finally, the internationally recognised components of ‘best practice’ responses are evaluated against available evidence in Lesotho.
Male Circumcision in Lesotho Situation Analysis Report: Synopsis: The Lesotho Male Circumcision situational analysis document is the end result of a consultation and participation of the community, and provides the information for policy, guidelines and operational plan; thus guiding the national public health response. Male Circumcision has been shown to reduce men’s risk of becoming infected by HIV through heterosexual intercourse by at least 60%, but doesn’t provide complete protection from HIV infection. The broad areas of focus to a situational analysis for MC services included: attitudes, beliefs, practices and socio-cultural aspects, policy and regulatory framework and health system readiness. This led to a synthesis of information. SWOT analysis was done by key stakeholders and will also be used to guide MC program development and implementation. Consultation with stakeholders throughout the process helped lead to consensus on recommendations for the scale up plan for MC services, programme management and community-level interventions. A comprehensive package of MC services which affords the clients (Basotho males) the opportunity to be reached and to benefit from the integrated male reproductive health services will therefore be considered in the context of implementing and scaling-up safe facility-based male circumcision services in Lesotho.
Lesotho HIV Prevention Response And Modes Of Transmission Analysis: Synopsis: The Lesotho National AIDS Commission (NAC), Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW), UNAIDS and World Bank Global AIDS Monitoring and Evaluation Team (GAMET) collaborated on this evidence-based review of Lesotho’s epidemiological situation (Know your epidemic, KYE) and national HIV prevention response (Know your response, KYR). The purpose of this modes of transmission (MoT) study is “to contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand the epidemic and response in Lesotho and thus help the country improve the scope (doing the right kind of activities), relevance (with the right populations) and comprehensiveness (reaching all members of target populations) of HIV prevention efforts”. The process for the KYE was an in-depth review of available epidemiological data from Lesotho and the sub-region, and application of the UNAIDS incidence estimation model. The aim was to determine the epidemiology of new (incident) infections. For the KYR part, data were collected on the policy context for prevention and on implemented prevention activities and programmes. Prevention-specific data from the National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) of 2008 and previous two years were reviewed. In a final step, the KYE and KYR evidence was linked to produce an epidemic, response and policy synthesis with recommendations to improve HIV prevention in Lesotho through aligning prevention activities with the evidence on the sources of new infections. The study examined the hypothesis that multiple longer-term partnerships between single young people as well as between married or cohabiting adults are the major driver of HIV transmission, happening in a context of relaxed social norms regarding multiple partners and low risk perception. The findings confirmed this hypothesis -- sexual concurrency is exceptionally high in Lesotho; multiple sexual relationships before and during marriage, together with low levels of full male circumcision are major risk factors in Lesotho’s hyper endemic HIV situation.
Lesotho National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) For The Period 2005/06 - 2007/08: Synopsis: The National AIDS Commission decided to carry out the National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) in 2007. The results of this assessment were to be used for in-country policy and UNGASS reporting requirements. The data on expenditure shows a percentage of the real expenditure on the ground. In some cases, such as prevention and OVC support, it is estimated to show approximately 80% of the overall expenditure on HIV and AIDS. This round of the NASA looked at expenditure from public and international sources. Private expenses were not included in this report. The NASA estimations show that overall; Lesotho spent a total of M876 479 808 on HIV and AIDS between 2005/06 and 2007/08. Although the total reported HIV and AIDS expenditure decreased only by 5% from 2005/06 to 2006/07, total reported expenditure increased by 23% between 2006/07 and 2007/08. HIV and AIDS spending in 2007/08 nearly doubled the spending in 2006/07. External financing sources account for 60% of all HIV expenditure during 2005/06 – 2007/08. Public funds constituted 38% of the total HIV and AIDS expenditure, while private sources of funding accounted for only 2%.
Gender and Multiple and Concurrent Sexual Partnerships in Lesotho: Synopsis: Between April and September 2008, researchers undertook a qualitative study to explore the social, cultural, and behavioral factors that contribute to concurrent sexual partnerships in Lesotho. Evidence from both empirical studies and mathematical models suggests that concurrency during the period of acute infection increases the potential for HIV transmission to more people. The research was conducted at five sites in Lesotho: the urban capital of Maseru, a foothills urban site, a lowlands rural site, a border town, and a rural mountain site. Before implementing the research, the field team conducted a community engagement process at each site and obtained approvals from the district administrator, the district council secretary, the principal chief, the town or village chief, and the community council secretaries. Focus group discussions were used to understand social and gender norms, cultural practices, and the perceived impact of economic factors on sexual partnerships. In-depth interviews were used to collect information on specific sexual partnerships and related social, cultural, and behavioral practices.
Report For HIV AND AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum 26 February 2009 National: Synopsis: The Third Quarterly HIV and AIDS Partnership Forum report has been developed and compiled by the National AIDS Commission (NAC). It is a consolidated quarterly programmatic progress made in the specific period of October to December 2008. The development of this report gained support from implementing partners and various stakeholders who provided technical support during that period. The report has been shared with technical teams in the country from all the thematic areas to provide inputs as well as with stakeholders that have a role in the response to HIV and AIDS. The report covers the four key focus areas (KFAs) which are then complemented by the synthesis section drawn from all the ten administrative districts. These KFAs include Management and Coordination; Prevention; Treatment, Care and Support; and Impact Mitigation.
National HIV AND AIDS Research Agenda 2007 - 2011: Synopsis: The national research agenda document was prepared by the National AIDS Commission (NAC). In line with the National HIV and AIDS policy and strategic plan, this document provides a road map for HIV and AIDS research in Lesotho for the next four years (2007 – 2011). It serves as a framework for coordination and management of research activities in the country in general and intends to address the existing gaps in knowledge about HIV and AIDS issues in particular. By closing this gap, the research agenda will contribute to an effective national HIV and AIDS response by creating empirical knowledge that could be used to inform policy and decision making processes and scale up the national response to HIV and AIDS.
National AIDS Commission HIV AND AIDS Grants Facility Procedures And Guidelines: Synopsis: The National AIDS Commission (NAC) is coordinating the implementation of the National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan. The implementation and ultimate success of the national response to the HIV and AIDS epidemic depends on concerted and collaborative efforts by public, private and nongovernmental sectors to support the implementation of HIV and AIDS, prevention, care, support, treatment and mitigation programmes at all community levels. The NAC recognizes that civil society, including communities, Faith- Based Organisations (FBOs), NGOs/CBOs, private businesses, local government and central ministries, National Training Institutions - understand and appreciate the gravity of the HIV and AIDS situation in Lesotho. They are they are willing to organize themselves for concerted action, if given the necessary support. NAC, with support from international donors, has established a Grant Facility to engage all of these players. In support of the goals of the National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan, the purpose of the Grants Facility is to facilitate an expansion of the resource base for reducing the spread of HIV and mitigate the impact of AIDS in Lesotho.
National HIV & AIDS Strategic Plan (2006-2011): Synopsis: The revised National Strategic Plan (NSP) on HIV and AIDS for 2006-2011 was developed through an extensive stakeholder consultation process following the completion of the Joint Review of the national response to HIV and AIDS. The first phase was a joint review of the national HIV and AIDS response undertaken in September 2005 to determine achievements, lessons learned, weaknesses and challenges met during the course of implementation. The second and third phases were the development of the multi-sectoral National HIV and AIDS policy and the multi-sectoral national strategic plan that were guided by the findings from the Joint Review process. Development of the NSP involved five stages, namely: literature review, a national level stakeholder consultative meeting, district level stakeholder consultation, a four-day national strategic planning workshop and several meetings that were held with the National Strategic Plan Steering Committee which was established by NAC to guide the plan development process.
Coordination Framework For The National Response To HIV And AIDs: Synopsis: In 2005, the Government abolished LAPCA and established the National AIDS Commission (NAC) by the NAC Act 2005 along the “Three Ones Principles”. NAC is placed outside the Government structure and given more independence and authority to manage the national HIV and AIDS response in conjunction with stakeholders and the authority to mobilise resources outside the Government systems. The establishment of NAC was also necessitated by the increased number of players in the national response, coupled with the substantial increase in the amount of financial support from international funding organisations. These factors in turn increased the potential for duplication of efforts, overlapping, conflict of responsibilities, inconsistencies between partners and competition for financial and human resources. It is therefore critical for NAC to develop a coordination framework with guidelines, principles and strategies to guide all partners in order to ensure synergy of action by maximising the comparative advantages of each player. This entails bringing together different polices, procedures, systems and cycles in line with national systems.
National HIV AND AIDS Policy - Feb 07: Synopsis: This policy document updates the 2000 National HIV and AIDS Policy. The review of the policy was preceded by a joint review of the National Response (2005), which recommended, among others, the review of the 2000 policy. This document is therefore a culmination of a wide consultative and participatory process, and provides a broad policy framework for action. The consultative process makes this policy a truly shared vision of how Lesotho, as a country faced by the national disaster of HIV and AIDS, should respond.
National HIV AND AIDS Monitoring And Evaluation Plan (2006-2011): Synopsis: To effectively fulfill its mandate to co-ordinate the national response under the national strategic plan on AIDS 2006- 2011, the National AIDS Commission (NAC) needs to understand the scope and effect of HIV and AIDS interventions in Lesotho. In order do this, a functional and robust M & E system needs to be in place. This document is the implementation plan of the national M & E framework to which all stakeholders have committed to using as part of the ‘three ones’ principles.

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